had a son who died young at the age of three. In the spring of the thirty-third year (1907), he was ordered to inspect the school affairs in Shandong. On the 30th of April of the following year, he left his post to observe filial piety because of his mother's sorrow. After the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution, the British Government instructed its Minister to China, Jules Verdun, to ‘discuss with the Minister of Japan the matter of installing Kong Houjue (Diffractive Sheng Gong), the grandson of Kong Zi, as the Emperor’, and the Japanese Minister to the Qing Dynasty, Hikaru Hikaru, Ijiyamasuin, reported the case to the Japanese Government, and the Japanese people advocated for the establishment of Kong Lingyi as the new Emperor. In February of the first year of the Republic of China (1912), he wrote a letter congratulating Yuan Shikai on his assumption of the office of Provisional President. In February 1912, Yuan Shikai wrote a letter to congratulate him on his assumption of the office of Provisional President. The following year (1913) Yuan Shikai assumed office as President, promulgated the ‘canonical regulations’, according to the old system by the direct descendants of Confucius hereditary Duke Diffractive Sheng; Diffractive Sheng Duke is still subject to the previous generation of honours, rituals, and awarded a first-class Jiaohe chapter, a first-class Da Shou Baoguang Jiaohe chapter. Republic of China four years (1915), Yuan Shikai plotted to restore the imperial system, Kong Lingyi actively involved in the activities of the Preparatory Committee. After Yuan's restoration, he was given the title of County King. In July 1917, when Puyi was restored to the throne, Kong Ling-yi sent a telegram of congratulations. In his middle age and childless, Kong Lingyi took Wang Baocui, Tao's personal maid, as his concubine. Wang gave birth to two daughters, De Qi and De Mao. In the eighth year of the Republic of China (1919), she travelled to Beijing to celebrate Puyi's birthday. Wang was pregnant for the third time, and in the autumn of the same year, when she went to Beijing again due to the death of her father-in-law, Tao Shijian, she suffered a bout of gangrene and died on 8 November (16th day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar) in the House of the Duke of Yan Sheng on Taibousi Street. Five months later, on 23rd February 1920 (the fourth day of the first month of the lunar calendar), his posthumous son Kong De Cheng was born. It was only on 7 January 1921 that Kong Ling-yi was officially buried. In 1898, an American missionary came to Qufu to set up a church at the ancient Panchi in the south-east corner of the city; the Kong clan was shocked at the news, and Kong Lingyi was furious when he learnt about it. On the one hand, Kong Lingyi wrote a letter to the imperial court together with Sun Guozhen, the governor of Qufu, stating that Qufu was the birthplace of Confucianism and that it was inappropriate for outsiders to set up a mission; on the other hand, he joined hands with the gentry and merchants of Qufu and raised funds to build a temple on the north bank of the ancient Panshi, in order to resist the construction of the church. In the end, the church was not built, and the status of the saint was preserved in form. However, the people of Qufu and even the tenant farmers of the Confucius House had begun to accept foreign religions. In 1904, the German Jiaoji Railway Company wanted to build a railway in Qufu, and when they surveyed the road beforehand, they planted trees and inserted markers in the sacrificial field of the Confucius Palace, which was only 50 feet away from the west wall of the Confucius Forest. When Zhang Dongmin, a hundred tenant of the temple, found out about this, he immediately reported to the Confucius Palace: ‘The yellow rice lease of the sacrificial field of the Zhisheng Temple was planted by the foreigners, who wanted to build a railway, and it came to Fangshang Village diagonally from the north-east. This village is surrounded by sacrificial fields and acres of land. In the village east of the yellow rice land, planted diagonally to the village south, straight to the top of the Surabaya River E, suddenly turned to the northwest, and diagonally from the yellow rice land, etc., to the humble servant, to the sacrifice of the acres of land is of great importance, it is not convenient to trespass, it is appropriate to prepare a paper to apply for details, and I am begging for Jennifer Gannon adults to identify and verify the implementation of the.’ Kong Ling-yi then went to the provincial capital to meet with the Governor of Shandong and the Minister of the Jinpu Railway, who put pressure on the German Rubber-Jacket Railway Company, forcing it to change its original route so that the railway line would be 10 miles away from the Sacred Grove, so as not to ‘shake the Holy Sepulchre’. Kong Ling-yi was rewarded with a sable coat for his efforts in protecting the Holy Sepulchre. The headmaster of the Second Shandong Provincial Teachers' Training School, Song Ruiwu, once said: ’When the former Jinpu Railway was being built, the original proposal was to take the city of Qufu as the station, but the Diffractive Sheng Gongfu, who were superstitious about fung shui, objected to the idea, and the railway line was diverted to Yao Village, 18 miles away from the city, which made it inconvenient for the merchants and the travellers. Tamed to the Qufu County town society, still maintains the state of the Middle Ages, can not be enlightened.’ It is believed that the railway has not been built, and the inconvenience of transportation has put Qufu in a semi-enlightened situation, unable to absorb modern civilisation, and stubbornly sticking to the old traditions.