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Kingdom of Serbia

God of Justice

Peter I
Teodor Pejacevic
Arsen of Serbia
Grigory
Miloradovich

Since 1817, the Principality was ruled by the Obrenović dynasty (replaced by the Karadordevic dynasty for a short time). The Principality, under the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire, de facto achieved full independence when the very last Ottoman troops left Belgrade in 1867. Serbia expanded further to the south-east in 1878, when it won   full international recognition at the Congress of Berlin. After the 1877–1878 expansion, in the new areas (present-day Jablanica, Toplica and parts of Nišava District) an estimated 49,000–130,000 Albanians were expelled, settling mainly in Kosovo. The Serbo-Bulgarian War erupted on November 14, 1885, and lasted until November 28 of the same year. The war ended in defeat for Serbia, as it had failed to capture the Slivnitsa region which it had set out to achieve. Bulgarians successfully repelled the Serbs after the decisive victory at the Battle of Slivnitsa and advanced into Serbian territory taking Pirot and clearing the way to Niš. When Austria-Hungary declared that it would join the war on the side of Serbia, Bulgaria withdrew from Serbia leaving the Serbo-Bulgarian border precisely where it had been prior to the war. The peace treaty was signed on February 19, 1886, in Bucharest. The old boundaries were not changed. However, the relationship of trust and friendship between Serbia and 

Bulgaria, which had been built during their long common fight against Ottoman rule, suffered irreparable damage.

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